

We are not (yet) primed for the many unnatural stimuli in the built environment, such as seeing monotonous concrete blocks and hearing so much traffic noise. About 75 to 90% of all GP visits are said to be stress-related.
City dwellers benefit from green and natural stimuli. Various studies show that we recover faster from stress in a green, planted environment. Within five minutes surrounded by greenery, our stress level drops. Greenery contributes to a pleasant, relaxing, living, working and learning environment. In and around hospitals and nursing homes, it has a stress-reducing effect on patients and staff.

Research shows that the restorative effect of nature is greater afterwards than before a stressor. So, for example, going for a walk after work has (even) more effect than before work. It is also good to take green breaks after working for a while.
Mini moments of a view of outdoor greenery from the learning or workplace also have a restorative effect. Even daily nature moments of a few minutes spread throughout the day have a positive effect on our well-being.
It takes little effort for us to pay attention to nature and to stay in it.
The relaxation we experience has a lot to do with repetitive patterns called fractals, the Fibonacci sequence and golden ratio. These shapes and proportions can be found everywhere in nature, for example in the branches of (multi-stemmed) trees and the arrangement of leaves, flowers and seed structures. Think of sunflowers and the way the seeds are arranged in a spiral.
Natural stimuli, such as flowers, birds, and butterflies attract our attention. Looking at these takes little effort and has a relaxing effect because we are biologically attuned to nature.
Make sure that public green spaces are well maintained. Neglect and litter evoke feelings of insecurity and unrest.
More greenery in the living environment goes hand in hand with a lower risk of stress-related diseases, such as cardiovascular disease and depression.
Consider also smaller green elements, such as street trees and a mini park.
Especially for children, the sick, the (vulnerable) elderly and people with dementia, neighbourhood greenery is important for relaxation. This also applies to people with a low socio-economic status who are unable or unwilling to seek out nature further away from home.
Familiar greenery in combination with animals encourages people with dementia to reminisce and speak (more).
Primary school children who grow up in a densely built-up environment benefit from a high tree density. A study shows that there are indications that these children are then less likely to develop autism.
This manual is divided into several chapters, which can be accessed via the buttons below.